Located in Xenia, Ohio, the Greene County Historical Society attempts to bring to light the diverse local history of all of Greene County, Ohio through changing displays that highlight specific facts of Greene County history; among them local aviation pioneers. The Society was formed on 6 February 1929 due to interest shown from each of the county townships.

The purpose of the Society is reflected in its constitution. Primacy is given to the collection, organization, and publication of historic data on Greene County. This has taken the form of preserving notable buildings and sites and the preservation of historic relics and documents. Also important have been the cooperation with other local historical societies and the Ohio Historical Society and the encouragement of students studying local history.

Three buildings encompass the Society; the 1790 Galloway Log Cabin showing pioneer life in the county, the 1872 Victorian Town House demonstrating the improvements to life between 1872 and the present, and a replica of a stable building destroyed by the 1974 tornado in Xenia. This replica structure allows the Society to showcase, on a rotating basis, other elements of the Greene County story such as pioneer aviators, the Wright brothers, and aircraft component manufacturers.

School outreach is a priority for the Society, especially in the telling of the importance of rail transportation in the area and oral histories regarding the contributions of people who have lived and worked in Greene County.